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Earthquakes and Seismic Waves Key Terms Earthquake: Is the shaking that results from sudden movement of rock along a fault. Focus: Is the area beneath Earth's where rock that is under stress breaks,triggering an earthquake. Epicenter: The point on the surface directly above the focus. Most earthquakes are too small to notice.But a large earthquake can change Earth's surface and cause great damage.The forces of plate movement cause earthquakes.Plate movements produce stress in Earth's crust, adding energy to rock and forming faults.Stress increases along a fault until the rock breaks.An earthquake begins, in seconds the earthquake releases a large amount of stored energy.Most earthquakes begin in the lithosphere within about 100 kilometers of Earth's surface.

Types of Seismic Waves Like a pebble thrown in a pond, an earthquake produces vibration called waves.These carry energy as they travel outward.During an earthquake, seismic waves race out from the focus in all directions.Seismic waves are vibrations that travel through Earth carrying the energy released during an earthquake.Seismic waves carry energy from an earthquake away from the focus,through Earth's interior,and across the surface.

P Waves The first waves to arrive are primary waves.P waves are seismic waves that compress and expand the ground.Like an accordion Earthquakes and Seismic Waves Key Terms: Earthquake: Is the shaking that results from the sudden movement of the rock along a fault. Focus: Is the area beneath Earth's surface where rock that is under stress breaks,triggering an earthquake. Epicenter: The piont on the surface directly above the focus.

Introduction: Earth is never still.Everyday, worldwide, there are several thousand earthquakes.Most earthquakes are too small to notice.But a large earthquake can change Earth's surface and cause great damage.The forces of the plate movement cause earthquakes.Plate movements produce stress in Earth's crust, adding energy to rock and forming faults.Stress increases along a fault until the rock breaks.An earthquakes begins, in seconds the earthquake releases a large amount of stored energy.Most earthquakes begin in the lithosphere within about 100 kilometers of Earth's surface.

Types of Seismic Waves Likeva pebble thrown into pond, an earthquake produces vibrations called waves.These waves carry energy as they travel